Android is a mobile platform that consists of an Operating system, middleware, and key application.
It is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, designed mainly put for touchscreen devices that include mobile phones and tablets. The operating system is where all the phone functions exist call message applications and it processes them into a readable format.
Android was started in 2003 in California by Android INC. It was developed by 4 founders Rich miner, Nick Sears, Andy Rubin, and Chris White. It was sponsored by Google and was bought by Google in 2005.
The First Android phone was the HTC Dream which was launched in September 2008.
It is unique and far different than other OS. It is a free and open-source operating system. It can be used on any device and anyone can see its source code and any developer can change it according to their preferences. It provides an easy platform to develop an application for developers and programmers which is unique in Android OS. That’s why many mobile companies using Android Android systems have different versions and each version is better than the previous one. And no new device is needed for the upgraded version, you can download the upgraded version of Android on the same phone which provides new features in your device and improves the speed and performance of your phone.

Android Features:

Android has proved to be a better platform than other systems due to its unique features.

1.User interface: Android provides a very simple and beautiful user interface that is very easy to use. Any person can use it even if he is using it for the first time.
2.Multiple language support: Android supports different languages. You can choose the language of your choice and use it.
3.Multi-tasking: Android systems are multitasking. It can perform different tasks at one time.
4.Connectivity: It provides different types of connectivity like Bluetooth, WiFi, Hotspot, GSM, CDMA, ports, etc through which we can connect other devices.
5.Applications: Android users have a choice to use the application of their taste and that too for free. Google play store is an inbuilt application on Android devices which enables users to download various applications for free.

Android Version:

Google has launched 11 major versions of Android now with Android 11 being the latest one. Google continuously works on the development of Android and launches a better version with time.
The name of the Android version is selected from the names of desserts like Cupcake, Donuts, Eclairs, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice cream sandwiches, Jelly beans, KitKat, Lollipop, Marshmallows, Nougat, Orio, and Pie. In 2009 Google announced that they are ending the confectionery idea and will use numerical order for further versions. After Pie Android used the numerical name Android 10 and Android 11 till now. Android has a total of 18 versions.

Android component:

1. Activity-User interacts with the device through the activity component. It is a Java file. It is a single-screen application with UI components.
2.Service: A running background process without user interaction.As media continues to play in the background without the interaction of users. If there is user interaction it will be an activity, without user interaction it is a service.
3.Broadcast receiver: It works for the system announcement. If we plug in the charger it will notify us. When we plug in the headset, we get an icon in the notification bar, due to the broadcast receiver.
4.Content provider: It is used to share the data between two applications.

Advantages:

1. Open source: Anyone can see the codes and can modify it according to their requirements.
2. Android support different media formats. You can play different audio and video formats.
3. It is not a property of a particular company. It is the proprietary of the Open handset alliance. Any company can join an open handset alliance and can use Android. So maximum mobile companies are using Android today.
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